Galaxy、銀河団
Clusters of galaxies is、In the universe maximum scale structure of the galaxy has been set as the number 100、I do not know well when viewed in visible light、Looking at the X-ray、1If it is associated with the mass of the hot gas of over 100 million degrees、Shining bright looks。By examining the presence of this gas precisely、You can approach the mystery of dark matter that exists in conjunction with the clusters of galaxies。
The figure below、Photo seen the Perseus cluster of galaxies in the visible light(Left)When、X-ray photograph of(Right)It is。
Also studied the galaxies and intergalactic gas, which is a component of the cluster of galaxies。How stars and galaxies、Whether the galaxies were completed large-scale structure of the now evolved、To understand the whole picture of the evolution of the universe、There is a need to continue to unravel the many mysteries。in recent years、Super-massive black hole in the center、It has been found to interact with the galaxies and clusters of galaxies、It has also been focused on the study of the interaction of black holes and galaxies and clusters of galaxies。
Planet、Earth、系外惑星
1996Starting with the Hyakutake comet of the year、X-rays have been observed from various celestial bodies in the solar system.。What is the source of radiation?、Charge exchange reaction between thin atmosphere and solar wind、Bremsstrahlung and inverse Compton scattering from accelerated electrons、There are various types of emission such as bright line radiation due to collisions of charged particles.。These X-rays are attracting attention as a new means of understanding the solar system environment.、Understanding the environment of exoplanets that are being discovered one after another、Because it is also linked to space weather、It has come to have value that goes beyond scientific interest.。
For example, there are still many mysteries surrounding the planet's atmosphere.、To the Venus there is a thick carbon dioxide atmosphere、There is little atmosphere on Mars。Although the moons of Jupiter such as Callisto it does not have the atmosphere，The satellite Titan of Saturn there is a nitrogen atmosphere。On to investigate the diversity and evolution of such planetary atmosphere、We believe that help is X-ray radiation due to "charge exchange"。
These studies use data from X-ray astronomy satellites and solar system exploration satellites.、We are also conducting simulations using supercomputers in collaboration with theoretical researchers for comparison.。Furthermore, we are also conducting research on exoplanets themselves using data from overseas exoplanet exploration satellites.。
Black Hole、Neutron star、Dense stars such as white dwarfs
Black hole、Theoretically it has been predicted in the first half of the 20th century based on the general theory of relativity of Einstein、Light even believed to celestial bodies that can not escape from it because of the mighty gravity。20Century by the founder of the second half of the X-ray astronomy、The black hole、And those lighter 10 times the solar mass, which is made of a large explosion when massive stars die、It has found that there is something heavy of about one million times the solar mass present in the center of the galaxy。
What kind of energy release happened in substance It does not know whether from falling into a black hole、But it's also that the substance is Monosugoiikioide ejected far far by the phenomenon, such as the fountain called cosmic jet、We do not know the mechanism。Using the X-ray、Or examine the current phenomenon in the vicinity of a black hole、You can examine the movement of gas from the emission lines and absorption lines。
Neutral stars and white dwarfs、The implosion of when the star has finished a lifetime、Although not lead to a black hole、Stars that is a fairly high density of state。In such high-density star、Ready to personal belongings of the atom has been crushed about not help in the original form、Strange and mysterious physical phenomena have been known to occur various。Using the X-ray、It is a little bit strange phenomenon you can but unlock。
